Hand tool is used to track the implementation of small amounts of repair-work travel, do not require intervention of a mechanized rail equipment. This type of tool should track include manual shifter, leveling devices, bashmakosbrasyvateli, etc. Click Ping Fu to learn more. Most important of these tools has a manual shifter, which is used for manual transfer decentralized shooter-type P50 and P65. On the functions of some of the tools on the name is sometimes difficult to guess. Take, for example, tools with funny names – and bashmakosbrasyvatel shoe.

These tools and travel will be the protagonists of this story. In 1857, Germany had established the braking device, characterized by compactness, versatility, efficiency, and has received wide application in all the tracks world. This device was the hand brake shoe, which was mounted on a rail in front of moving cars and has a significant inhibitory effect when hit by a wheel. Now the shoe is metal structure, consisting of thick skid 6 – 8 mm and a height of pads 120 – 125 mm, which is connected with two runners rivets. Originally brake shoes are used only in order to completely stop rolling stock. Gradually, it became necessary to train could reduce its rate to a specific value and then move on. Problem solved only at the beginning of 1900 in the invention of the so-called bashmakosbrasyvateley. Use the tool significantly increased the reliability of the control speed of cars. For the first time to stop cars with brake shoes bashmakosbrasyvatelyami carried out in Europe. Now bashmakosbrasyvatel used for dropping a double-breasted rail shoes on the railroad .

Carbon steels are a type of instrumental staley.Oni widely used for the manufacture of metal-working tools, various accessories and parts engineering (shafts, gears, bushings, etc.), instrument making, shipbuilding and stankostroeniya.Svoystva carbon steels determined by the amount of carbon content in them and depending on this carbon tool steels are divided into grades. High-quality carbon steel (grade A) have fewer contaminants and less prone to cracking during quenching and shlifovke.Oni less dye and therefore preferable in the production of more complex form tools in steel and detaley.Uvelichenie carbon content increases its hardness, but at the same time and were not hrupkost.Uglerodistye have red hardness, ie can not retain the hardness when heated to 300-400 degrees Celsius. The original structure of carbon steels to provide them with good workability and structure meets the conditions zakalivaemost.Etim fine pearlite with uniformly distributed grains of excess tsementita.V depending on the carbon content of carbon steels have rzlichnoe application. For the manufacture of percussion instruments, such as: chisels, axes, stomestki, brand, sledge hammers and other uses carbon steels U7 and U7A. Steel U10, U10G, U10A used for tools and parts with high strength and toughness of some intended for the unstressed work wear: taps, dies, drill bits for wood, tapered and shaped gauges, bushings and clamps konduktornyh. Steel U12 and U12A – for instruments with very high hardness in the unstressed work: countersinks, reamers, taps, surgical tools, metal saws and other tools used in metalworking, woodworking, etc. Steel U13A and V13 – for high hard tool with thin blades: engraving tool, blades, scrapers, wire-drawing tool.

Electromagnetic shut-off valves. Appointment, classification, description. Valves with magnetic actuator designed for installation in pipelines as locking devices for rapid, remote cutoff medium flow. Conditional pass solenoid valves typically have a small value of 6 40 mm. This is due in the main by the fact that a low pulling force of the governing body, ie, an electromagnet. The solenoid valves are classified as follows: by the nature of current-alternating electromagnetic drive, or permanent sealing of mind – and packing in the form of semihermetic – normally open and NC (normally open valve (NO) is opened in the absence of current and closes when power to its drive, normally closed (NC) is in the closed state in the absence of current and opens when the power supply to drive it) by the method of action – direct and amplified electromagnetic drive integrated directly into the valve and the core is its spool. This control spool moves force of the electromagnet. In turn, the electromagnetic actuators are divided by type of magnets on: reverse, pulling, pushing, turning to the core.

Valves with integrated have driven the size and weight with low values. The coils are made at 24, 127, 220, 380, 440, 50 Hz, 60 Hz. Submission of the working environment is carried out on the spool or a spool. The valves must be tight with respect to the external environment in ground cushioning joints. Materials used solenoid valves – carbon steel, stainless steel, brass.

Operating position to a horizontal line – up by an electromagnet. In the absence of electric valve can be opened by manual override (if it's by design). Examples of some of the symbols of solenoid valves – 15b816r, 13s810r, 15b806r, 15862bk etc. A variety of work environments in which solenoid valves have been used very large: steam, natural gas, condensate, air, water, water with impurities, mineral salts and nitric acid, ammonia, liquid, halocarbon, inert gases, alcohol, and more. Due to its benefits of the solenoid valves are widely used in various branches of modern industry.