The very name of 'synthetic material,' says that it will focus on materials produced artificially. As a raw material used oil, natural gas and coal. Through the transformation of these substances are obtained chemical compounds, which in its structure and determine the specific properties of materials. cm can be divided into 3 groups: thermoplastics, thermoset and elastomer. This article focuses on thermoplastics, and one of the areas they application. Synthetic materials, which have had become soft after heating up to a liquid state, and after cooling again acquire strength, called thermoplastics. They contain linear or branched molecular chains, which are usually arranged randomly or have a certain structure.
The value of the physical forces between these molecules completely defines the properties and behavior of thermoplastics. In connection with the the fact that these properties depend on temperature, thermoplastic properties crucially depend on the temperature of application. Thermoplastics can be divided into 2 groups: amorphous thermoplastics – their molecules are not ordered and have no internal structure (the structure of a lump of cotton wool) at 20 C, strong, hard and brittle partially crystallizing thermoplastics – they, along with the amorphous regions contained areas in which the molecules are arranged in an orderly, they are at room temperature of solid and durable polypropylene is formed by the polymerization of propylene. Lateral methyl group CH3 can be spatially oriented in different ways (random or ordered) that allows to obtain propylene with different properties. If all the groups CH3 are on one side of the molecular chain, is called isotactic polypropylene.